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| Oracle RAC Part IV : Install Oracle Clusterware and Cluster Database |
| Sunday, July 22, 2007 |
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This is fourth and last post for installing Oracle RAC Database on single machine using VMWare virtual machines. For previous posts visit
Are you scared of Oracle RAC Database
Install Oracle RAC Database I
Install Oracle RAC Database Part II
Install Oracle RAC Database Part III
In this part we will install oracle clusterware and rac database
Copy Oracle RAC and Oracle Database Software to RAC1
Create a directory software in $HOME and copy clusterware and database zip files downloaded
unzip 10201_clusterware_linux32.zip
unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip
This will create directory clusterware (for clusterware software) and database (for database software) Verify all prereq. for clusterware installation
------------------------------------------------------------
cd /home/oracle/softwar/clusterware/cluvfy
Make sure
--Second Machine/Node RAC2 is up
-- You have configured and changes hostname and network IP of RAC2
-- RAC1 can ping RAC2 and vice versa
-- User equivalency is set for user oracle on RAC1 and RAC2
-- You can connect to rac2 from rac1 as user oracle without prompting password and vice versa
./runcluvfy.sh stage –pre crsinst –n rac1,rac2
Make sure Node reachable and User Equivalency is met, rest other checks (related memory) can be ignored
Once RAC1 and RAC2 can ping each other and oracle user can connect to other machine's oracle user without prompting password then start clusterware installation from user oracle.
Change directory to location where you have unzipped clusterware software and start clusterware installation by running runInstaller
./runInstaller
Ignore memory related prereq.
Add second node rac2 by clicking on Add link
Change subnet as per your network configuration as you did while configuring network card.
 Make one public and another private (Private interconnect for clusterware)  Specify ocr location like /apps/oracle/oradata/ocr (or as per your naming convention)
Specify voting disk location like /apps/oracle/oradata/votingdisk (or as per your naming convention)
Click on Install to install clusterware. After clusterware installation, Install Database
Install RAC Database
Go to location where you unzipped database disks ./runInstaller –ignoreSysPrereqs (this is required as our memory is less (below 900MB) required, if your machine spec is higher you can ignore using ignoreSysPrereqs)
 Specify database oracle_home (make this different from clusterware oracle_home installed in previous step)
    Enter database name of your choice Select ASM
 Ignore any warnings and click on OK Define location of ASM as / dev/raw/raw3 and make redundancy as externalClick on Install Why number of voting disks should always be odd number only ? How to troubleshoot RAC database and clusterware issue ? .. Coming in future posts
Labels: database, RAC |
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posted by Atul Kumar @ 9:33 PM
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| Orcale RAC Part III - Clone RAC1 to RAC2 and User Equivalency |
| Sunday, July 15, 2007 |
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This is fourth post on step by step building Oracle RAC Database on your desktop / laptop using VMWare (Virtual Machine)
For previous three posts visit
Try installing Orcale RAC on your laptop
RAC Part I - Install Virtual Machine and Linux
RAC Part II - Install Virtual Disk and Network Card
In this post you will
--Clone RAC1 to RAC2 and change IP address of RAc2
--Configure User equivalency for Orale Clusterware installation
Clone RAC1 to RAC2
-------------------------------
- Make sure virtual linux machine is shutdown
-Copy folder rac1 to folder rac2 in c:\Atul\VMWARE (This is on windows laptop/machine)
--In both RAC1 and RAC2 folder open “Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.vmx” (This is virtual machine configuration file) using notepad or wordpad
--Add following lines (This will avoid locking for shared files and two linux machines RAC1 and RAC2 can start together using shared files votingdisk, crs and asm)
disk.locking = "FALSE"
diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"
diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"
diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"
diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"
diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"
--Now on vmx file of RAC2 “Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.vmx” change following lines from displayName = "RAC1" to displayName = "RAC2"
--On VMWare Server Console, Click on File and Open or “Ctrl + O”
--Click on Browse and select “red hat enterprise linux 3.vmx” from RAC2 directory
--Now you should see two linux machines RAC1 and RAC2 on VMWare Console
Start RAC1 and RAC2 and when you get below warning on RAC2, select create and click OK
Make sure you can start both machine at same time, if you get message like unable to lock files, check you have added following lines in both machines vmx files mentioned above (regarding disk locking)
Change Network Settings (IP) on RAC2
-------------------------------------------------
Login as ROOT user in RAC2 machine and click System Setting -> Network
Select eth0 and click on Edit
Change Address from 192.168.1.101 to 192.168.1.102
Click on Hardware Device Tab and Click on Probe button
--Repeat steps for second network card eth1 and change its IP from 192.168.0.101 to 192.168.0.102
Make sure you clicked probe on eth1 as well as shown above
Activate both network cards by clicking on Activate as shown below
 If you get error message that eth0 has different MAC address expected as shown below; make sure you have clicked on probe on “Bind to Mac Address” on “Hardware Device” mentioned above.
 Make sure both network cards are active now, as shown below Add following entry in /etc/hosts file of both RAC1 and RAC2 ####
127.0.0.1 loalhost.localdomain localhost
192.168.1.102 rac2.focusthread.com rac2 rac2-vip.focusthread.com rac2-vip
192.168.0.102 rac2-priv.focusthread.com rac2-priv
192.168.1.101 rac1.focusthread.com rac1 rac1-vip.focusthread.com rac1-vip
192.168.0.101 rac1-priv.focusthread.com rac1-priv
###
Now trying to ping RAC2 machine from RAC1 and RAC1 machine from RAC2  Change Host Name of newly cloned RAC2 ------------------------------------------------- Follow below step on how to change hostname on RAC2 (newly cloned) Linux machine Open file /etc/sysconfig/network and edit line like : HOSTNAME=XXXXX i.e. from HOSTNAME rac1.focusthread.com To HOSTNAME rac2.focusthread.com
Configure User Equivalency
-----------------------------------
User equivalency for user oracle is required so that user oracle from RAC1 can communicate to user oracle on RAC2 machine without prompting for password for clusterware to work properly.
--Login as user oracle in machine RAC1
--Make sure sshd daemon is running (pgrep sshd), If not start it from root user like “service start sshd” --Create RSA and DSA key on each node -From oracle user go to user home directory by “cd $HOME” or type cd and press enter
-mkdir .ssh (note that there is dot before ssh which means this is hidden directory)
-chmod 700 .ssh
-ssh-keygen –t rsa
-ssh-keygen –t dsa
press enter when prompted for file to save the key and passphrase (check screenshot for more information)
“Repeat this on both the nodes i.e. RAC1 and RAC2”
Add keys to authorized key file (authorized_keys) ------------------------------------------------------------
-cd .ssh -touch authorized_keys
-ls (You should see authorized_keys, id_dsa, id_dsa.pub, id_rsa, id_rsa.pub. Here pub files are dsa and rsa public key file and id_dsa and id_rsa are private key files)
ssh rac1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
ssh rac1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys
ssh rac2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
ssh rac2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys Send authorized_keys from RAC1 to RAC2
scp authorized_keys rac2:/home/oracle/.ssh
From RAC1 machine as user oracle
exec /usr/bin/ssh-agent $SHELL
/usr/bin/ssh-add
 Test User Equivalency ( User oracle can login to other machine without password prompt) ---------------------------- ssh rac1 date ssh rac2 date
Test this from both nodes RAC1 and RAC2 (You should not be prompted for oracle user password)
For more information on User Equivalency visit chapter 2 (Page 51 to 53) of clusterware and rac installation guide
Coming Next :
Installing clusterware on RAC1 and RAC2 Installing RAC database on RAC1 and RAC2 linux machines using ASM Labels: database, RAC |
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| posted by Atul Kumar @ 9:42 AM
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| Building Oracle RAC Part II , Install virtual disk and network card |
| Thursday, July 12, 2007 |
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This is Part II of Step by Step RAC configuration on your laptop/desktop without investing anything extra on hardware (Free) using virtual server, virtual hard disk and virtual network cards.
For first two posts visit
Try installing Orcale RAC on your laptop
RAC Part I - Install Virtual Machine and Linux
In this Part II, We will install required linux operating package for clusterware & database, additional hard disk (voting disk, ocr and ASM), network card for interconnect and configure newly added hard disk and network card.
Install rpm’s
------------------------
Install following rpm’s (These rpm’s are in Red Hat ES CD’s or download them from rhn.redhat.com ) and install them using root account
(compat-glibc-7.x-2.2.4.32.6.i386.rpm, gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-34.2.i386.rpm, sysstat-4.0.7-4.EL3.3.i386.rpm )
rpm –ivh compat-glibc-7.x-2.2.4.32.6.i386.rpm
rpm –ivh gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-34.2.i386.rpm
rpm –ivh sysstat-4.0.7-4.EL3.3.i386.rpm
Create Shared Disk on Virtual Machine for Cluster Registry, Voting Disk and ASM
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--Shutdown linux machine RAC1 (installed in part I) as “shutdown now” (from root user)
--Create folder “shared” in location “c:\atul\VMWARE” (or any other location of your choice)
--From VM Ware Console Press Ctrl + D to see Virtual Machine Settings
Or from screen
Click on Edit Virtual Machine Setting
Click on Add
Click on Next
 Select Hard Disk as shown here and click Next Select Create a New Virtual Disk and click Next Select SCSI and click Next Select 5.0 GB for voting disk and 5.0 GB for ocr (add second disk of 5 GB for ocr using same method) and 8 GB for asm (add third disk of 8 GB for ASM using same method)  Enter location and disk file name in folder shared created above. Note* Select votingDisk for disk one created , ocr for second disk created and asm for third disk created . This name doesn't matter and this is for our understanding only. Click Finish
 Repeat above step of adding disk for ocr and asm. Finally you should see Hard Disk 2,3,4 Hard Disk 2 : for votingDisk (5 GB) Hard Disk 3 : for ocr (5 GB) Hard Disk 4 : for ASM (8GB)
This completes addition of hard disk (How to configure and share these hard disks coming next ..)
Adding Network Card for Interconnect
----------------------------
Next step is to create network card, there is already an existing network card which is used as public connection for connecting to this machine and database isnatance on this machine and new card will be used oracle clusterware as private inerconnect between two nodes of RAC i.e. RAC1 and RAC2. This private interconnect is used for clusterware talking to all remote nodes in cluster. From VMWare Console press Ctrl + D   Select Ethernet Adapter this time and click Next Select Bridged and click Finish
Now Start your linux Virtual Machine
On start of linux Virtual Machine you linux machine will detect newly added network card which you can configure now (at boot time only) or you can configure later as well.  Press Any Key to enter into setup part of network card  Select Configure and click enetr or you can configure it later as well Enter following details IP Address -----------------192.168.0.101
Netmask ------------------- 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway --------- 192.168.0.254
Primary Nameserver ---- 192.168.0.1  and select OK and press enter Login as Root User when prompted to login
Above we configured newly added network card eth1 (used for interconnect). With below method we will  configure original network card (for public connection) Syetem Setting -> Network  select eth0 and click Edit Add entry like ---------------------- Address 192.168.1.101 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway Address 192.168.0.254 Click OK and activate this netowrk card  Activate eth0 by clicking on Activate button  Click on Yes, when prompted to save network configuration  Now you should see both network card eth0 and eth1 as Active ifconfig , from root should show you result as shown in screenshot
Format and Configure Virtual disks (voting disk, ocr and asm )
----------------------------------------------------
In this step We will format and configure Virtual Disks created above.
From user root
fdisk –l (This is to see list of disks, You will see entry like /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc, /dev/sdd doesn’t contain valid partition table)
fdisk /dev/sdb (Means we are dealing with /dev/sdb)
n (Create new disk)
p (Of type primary partition)
1 (First Cylinder)
Enter (carriage return)
Enter (carriage return)
w (Save table to disk and exit)
(For more information check man fdisk or below screenshot)
Repeat above step for /dev/sdc and /dev/sdd
 So now fdisk –l you should details of /dev/sdb, dev/sdc, dev/sdd --Add These disks as raw devices in file /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices as
/dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb1
/dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdc1
/dev/raw/raw3 /dev/sdd1
--Restart rawdevices service as service rawdevices restart
Create directory /apps/oracle/oradata (For storing voting disk, ocr and ASM) as
mkdir –p /apps/oracle/oradata (From Root Account)
-->Create symbolic link pointing to these raw devices so that we know which one is for what (Optional)
ln –s /dev/raw/raw1 /apps/oracle/oradata/ocr
ln –s /dev/raw/raw2 /apps/oracle/oradata/votingdisk ln –s /dev/raw/raw3 /apps/oracle/oradata/asm --Change ownership of these directories to oracle:oracle chown oracle:oracle /dev/raw/raw1 chown oracle:oracle /dev/raw/raw2 chown oracle:oracle /dev/raw/raw3
Shutdown this machine as this is now ready to clone and to create RAC2 machine. Coming Next -Cloning RAC1 to RAC2 -Changing RAC2 network and hostname details -Configuring user equivalency -Installing clusterware 10.2.0.1 -Installing Oracle rac database 10.2.0.1 -Tips and Tricks of troubleshooting Oracle RAC Database and clusterware..... Labels: database, RAC |
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| posted by Atul Kumar @ 11:52 PM
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