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| Configure Oracle Dataguard |
| Tuesday, November 28, 2006 |
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Yesterday we looked at Data Guard overview in Oracle Database http://becomeappsdba.blogspot.com/2006/11/oracle-dataguard-for-business.html , Today I am going to cover step by step configuration for Oracle Dataguard & may be in next or future posts I will discuss on common mistakes which you can do while configure dataguard / standby database.
Below steps are based on assumptions that Primary Database is on Machine1.domain.com & Standby database is on Machine2.domain.com . Database Instance Name is PROD and database listener is listening on port 1525. Mount point on primary & standby database are same (If they are not you need to set parameter db_file_convert)
Assumptions
I am assuming using LGWR, ASYNC option with log shipping service which means ,
LGWR (Log Writer process will be used to write to standby site instead of ARC archiver process)
ASYNC (Redo logs to standby is asynchronous to primary site)
You may have to change options with log shipping service (LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n) depending on data protection mode you wish to choose. (I am using Maximum Performance Mode - Default Mode)
Enable Archive log
For standby database configuration your primary database should be running in achieve log mode. In order to convert your primary database into archive log mode follow these steps
SQL> SHUTDOWN
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 ='LOCATION=/u01/oracle/data/arch' scope=spfile; (I am assuming that you are using spfile here , if you are using pfile skip scope=spfile)
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 ='SERVICE=PROD_remote1.domain.com LGWR ASYNC REOPEN=60' scope=spfile; (We will create above TNS Alias in next step)
SQL> alter system log_archive_dest_2='DEFER' (Defer this until you have standby system Up)
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup
You should see archive logs generated after this on standby site
Enable Force Logging
You should enable Force logging in primary database else if some transaction which doesn't generate redo log can corrupt your standby database. (Careful in OLTP transactions or long running requests in Apps)
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
Set Initialization Parameter
SQL> alter system set fal_client = ÂPROD.domainname.com scope=both;
SQL> alter system set fal_server = ÂPROD_remote1.domainname scope=both;
(Here FAL, Fetch Archive Log is used to fetch archives in case gap in archives arises because of any reason)
SQL> alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO scope=both; (This is used to automatically generate file in standby site like if you add a datafile, this will create one in standby site as well)
Create Standby Control file & copy datafile including oracle_home
Create standby control file as
SQL> alter DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS '/u01/oracle/home/standby.ctl'
You can installed New Database on standby site or Use ORACLE_HOME software from primary site on standby site.
Copy datafiles, redologs, initializations file, tnsnames.ora, listener.ora & control file from primary site to standby site.
Other steps & few important things w.r.t. dataguard coming in Next Post...Labels: 11i, advanced |
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posted by Atul Kumar @ 8:18 PM
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| Startup Shutdown Application Server - Bounce Services |
| Monday, November 20, 2006 |
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Last month I discussed about 10g Application Server which is going to replace 9i AS (1.0.2.2.2) in Oracle applications Rel 12 (Next version of Oracle Apps 11i). You can check overview & Installation Document in below links
http://becomeappsdba.blogspot.com/2006/10/fusion-middleware-10g-application.html
http://becomeappsdba.blogspot.com/2006/10/installing-10g-application-server.html
Today I am going to continue with 10g Application Server Startup Shutdown Scripts. If you understand 10g AS architecture which consist of
infrastructure Services (Database & Identity Management)
&
Middle tier Services (Portal & Wireless or BI & Forms)
I am focusing on these two type of Installation & not j2ee & webcache type (which is third middle tier Installation type) in this discussion.
Startup Sequence
As in apps you follow order (first start database & then middle tier services in 10g AS also you follow similar sequences) Order of startup Services in 10g AS should be like
--Start Database Listener
-- Start Database
-- Start Infrastructure Services
-- Start Middle Tier Services
Shutdown Sequence
-- Shutdown Middle Tier Services
-- Shutdown Infrastructure Services
-- Stop Database
-- Stop database listener
What utility I should use to startup / shutdown (Bouncing) for 10g AS ?
You can use iasconsole (Browser based console listening in default port 1156) to startup shutdown services
You can also use opmnctl ; command line tool (Oracle Process Management & Notification) control to startup shutdown services
dcmctl utility to start/stop services is now deprecated & should not be used
Lets look at scripts once again
Startup
Start listener as - lsnrctl start [listener_name]
Start Database as - sqlplus "/as sysdba"; SQL> startup
Start Infrastructure Services as - opmnctl startall (Make sure your are in Infra Home)
Start Middle Tier Services as - opmnctl startall (Make sure your are in Middle Tier Home)
Shutdown
Stop Middle Tier Services as - opmnctl stopall (Make sure your are in Middle Tier Home)
Stop Infrastructure Services as - opmnctl stopall (Make sure your are in Infra Home)
Stop Database as - sqlplus "/as sysdba"; SQL> shutdown immediate
Stop listener as - lsnrctl stop [listener_name]
How to start/stop iasconsole ?
As I mentioned above you can start/stop services using iasconsole but before that you have to start / stop iasconsole itself which you can do by emctl (em - enterprise manager)
emctl start iasconsole
emctl stop iasconsole
You can access ias console screen from browser by url
http://host.domain:em_port/emd (Default em port is 1156)
http://host.domain:1156/emd (This will prompt username password , use ias_admin)
How to start individual component ?
Step mentioned above are to stop/start all components in Middle Tier or Infrastructure Tier , what if I want to start/stop/restart only few components of a Tier ? You will use
opmnctl [startproc stopproc restartproc] ias-component=[component_name]
or
opmnctl [startproc stopproc restartproc] process-type=[process_name]
Where Component Name like - OC4J, OID, HTTP_Server, WebCache and
Process Type like - WebCacheAdmin, OC4J_Portal, OC4J_Security
How to troubleshoot SSO Server ...
How to change hostname/domainname of Apps 11i Server ...
....Coming soon....
Leave your comments for topics you want to learn/hear/discuss Labels: 10gAS, basics |
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| posted by Atul Kumar @ 9:38 PM
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| Oracle AS Cluster ( Identity Management )-> Active - Active |
| Saturday, November 18, 2006 |
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 Identity Management is Infrastructure component of Application server in Fusion Middleware Family.
Oracle's Identity Management Components include -
SSO - Oracle Single Sign-On Server
OID - Oracle Internet Directory
DAS - Delegated Administrative Services
DIP - Directory Integration & Provisioning Services
OCA - Oracle Certifying authority (Optional)
I am going to cover them in detail in my future posts, These Services & Component are quite important for Apps DBA as IM (Identity Management) is part of Oracle Apps Release 12.
This post covers overview & important notes w.r.t. to Identity Management Cluster where IM component are in Active Active scenario, which means IM components (OID, SSO, DAS) are available on both nodes for High Availability .
For IM underlying database can be single Instance database or Two or Multiple Instance RAC (Preferably atleast Two Node)
Distributed / Non Distributed IM
Distributed IM means IM components (SSO, DAS, OID) are distributed on more than one machine (SSO & DAS on one machine & OID on second machine).
Non Distributed IM means all IM components are on same machine.
You can cluster both Distributed or Non Distributed Identity Management
Here are few Notes/Checks which I learnt from my various Implementations
Things you should know before starting Installation
- Check if you want Distributed or Non-distributed IM Cluster
- Virtual Name of HTTP Server (Infra for SSO & OIDDAS) and protocol (http or https)
- Virtual Name of OID including port (SSL & NON-SSL, you need both. Default is 389 & 636 resp)
- Communication protocol requirement (HTTP or HTTPS) between
CLIENT -> Load Balancer -> HTTP Server
things you must do before Installing Oracle AS Identity Management Cluster
- synchronize system clock on all server (which are part of cluster) with in 250 second
- set cookie persistence at load balancer specifically for URI /oiddas/ , If your browser doesn't support persistence setting at URI level then set for all HTTP Traffic (Set cookie to expire when browser session expires)
- Before Installing firt OID Node make sure TCP monitoring is not enabled on Load Balancer on first node
- Configure load balancer to return immediately to calling clients
Things/Tips which will be handy for AS Cluster (IM Type)
- For first OID Node Installation, make sure MR is not registered with any OID else it will fail. Installer checks that & if it finds that MR is already registered it assumes first node & asks for first OID node information to make it part of OID cluster
- Choose similar component on other node of cluster (i.e. If node first Node you have OID & DAS then on other Cluster node also Install OID & DAS)
- To access OID on any OID node in cluster , you have to use Password for ias_admin on first installation and not ias_admin password used second , third or further installation of Instance in cluster (oiddas, orasso, oidmon)
- For IM Cluster you always select IM and not IM+MR (This is during Installation Screen)
- For IM content database should already be loaded with Metadata Repository using Repca or MRCA (Repository Creation Assistance or Metadata Repository Creation Assistance)
- Installation steps for first OID Node is different than subsequent Node
- For IM Cluster , never select IM+MR during Installation screen , always select IM only.
- You have to select HA (High Availability) during Installation Options.
More on Indentity Management Cluster Installation..
Enable Apex Applications for SSO authentication ..
Coming soon ....
Now register for E-mail notification via "Email Subsciption" on your right Menu BarLabels: 10gAS, advanced, oid |
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| posted by Atul Kumar @ 7:30 PM
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| Oracle Single Sign-On Server for Apps DBA |
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Today lets discover Single Sign-On (SSO) like why its used , advantages of using it , what all different type of applications can use SSO including technical details of SSO .
What is Single Sign-On Server (SSO) ?
As name says Single-Sign On Server is set of services (Software) which enables login to Application once which will allow you to login to Ppartner Applications with no need to login again. Lets assume I have configured single SSO Server for Portal , E-Business Suite, Collaboration Suite plus some other other applications, Now if I login to any one of them & after that if I wish to login to other applications I should be able to login without supplying passwords again.
How will I log off then ?
This is called as Single Sign-Off which is part of SSO server , If you logout from any one application SSO server will log off from all applications.
What are Technology Stack components of SSO Server ?
SSO consist of OC4J_Security & HTTP Server which are part of Oracle Identity Management which inturn part of Oracle Infrastructure Server which in turn part of Oracle Application Server. SSO server uses Oracle Internet Directory to store User Credentials in encrypted format for Partner Applications . If some one ask you to bounce SSO server , you bounce either of them or both . Oracle components uses mod_osso which is part of Oracle HTTP Server to connect to SSO server.
Partner Application & External Applications ?
As mentioned above lot of time about Partner Applications ; Partner Applications are the one which delegates their authentication to SSO server (like Portal, Discoverer, E-Business Suite, Collaboration Suite) where as External Applications are applications which don't delegate their authentication to SSO Server (like yahoo, google, hotmail applications).
What does delegating Authentication means here ? Delegating authentication means partner application will ask sso to verify if a user is authenticated properly or not where as external application will check username/password at their end sso server will simply hold username/password in OID (If users select remember external application password)
Request Flow when SSO is used ...
Very important to understand request flow when a application is configured with SSO & user tries to access Application .
1) User first time tries to access application (like portal, collabsuite, apps 11i) configured with sso server
2) Application checks that there is no login cookie set into User(Clients) browser so Application redirects it to Single Sign-On Server via mod_osso
3) Single Sign-On Server returns login page to user & user enter his/her username/password
4) SSO validates these password against one stored in Oracle Internet Directory
5) If password matches then SSO return a token to client with list of all applications which user has access and return client back to original application
6) This token is stored as part of cookie in user's/client's browser & further connections from client to applications will be allowed (as authentication token is already in cookie)
Do you know how to access Single Sign-On server from browser or what is SSO URL ?
Lot more on OID & Identity Management including IM Cluster coming soon ...Labels: 10gAS, basics, sso |
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| posted by Atul Kumar @ 9:34 AM
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| IPv4 & IPv6 Oracle Application Server |
| Saturday, November 11, 2006 |
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Today I am going to cover totally different topic which may not be related to Apps DBA's or DBA but if you are configuring Application Server (10g Rel 3 , 10g Release 2 or Oracle Applications 11i) then this post may be useful to you.
It is quite important for Apps DBA as Installing & maintaining Web Server (Oracle Application Server) is part of Oracle Apps DBA JOb. Lets discover basics of IPv4 , IPv6 requirement of second one & how it is related to Application Server.
What is IPv4 or IPv6 ?
IP stands for Internet Protocol & v for Version , so they are Internet Protocol version 4 & 6 resp. As per Wikipedia IPv4 was the only major network protocol used for Internet till IPv6 came.
Those who are from networking background can understand that out of 7 layers in OSI (I read this in my engineering course & now I understood what it means ;-) ) IP is at layer 3 i.e. Network level (You as DBA can ignore this if you don't understand)
IPv4 addresses are 32 bit wide & since there are so many public IP's (each public site is using one or more IP address like teachmeoracle.com) and now its time to extend these available IP addresses which is delivered via IPv6 for which addresses are 128 bit wide .
Moving to IPv6 means more IP addresses (More host/sites/machines or Internet) plus some additional benefits.
Why IPv4 or 6 important to Apps DBA's ?
This is most critical paragraph for Apps DBA that why should I (as an Apps DBA) be interested in Networking or Internet protocol version , It because IPv6 support is available in Apache Version 2 & higher & Oracle HTTP Server (Application Server 10g Rel 1, rel 2, rel 3) are on Apache 1.3.X which still doesn't support IPv6.
If you are trying to Install 10g Appliaction Server Rel1/Rel2 or Apps 11i , check if local host is in IPv6 address list like (::1 localhost ipv6-localhost ipv6-loopback) then remove it like (::1 ipv6-localhost ipv6-loopback)
Related Links
Steven Chan's Post on IPv6 and the E-Business SuiteLabels: 11i, basics |
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| posted by Atul Kumar @ 11:41 PM
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| Install Apex (Application Express) Formerly HTMLDB |
| Friday, November 10, 2006 |
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Some time ago I read a post about HTMLDB at Vidya Bala's Blog She has mentioned nice description about HTMLDB & Installing HTMLDB 2.0. You can check her post at Install HTMLDB 2.0
Now HTMLDB is called as Application Express or more commonly as Apex. Latest Apex Version is 2.2 and today I'll quickly cover Installation of Apex Version 2.2. You can find Installation Document and software at end of this post.
Requirement:
In order to install Apex (Former HTMLDB) ver 2.2 you should have
--Application Server Version 1.0.2.2 or higher
--Database should be version 9.2.0.3 or higher
--Disk Space around 500 MB on middle tier (Application Server)
--Tablespace (in which you will install Apex ) with around 100MB free space
--System tablespace with around 85 MB free space
--Database shared pool size should be 100MB or more
Tablespaces:
At time of Apex installation it asks for tablespace for user data & tablespace for Apex files. You can use existing single tablespace for both or can create these two tablespace. For better understanding I will create two tablespace one for User data & other for Apex files.
Assumptions
Below Apex 2.2 Installation steps are of Database version 10.2.X and application server version 10.1.2.0.2 (There might be minor changes on other database or application server version)
Pre Installation Configuration
Login to database and create two tablespace
create tablespace tsapexf datafile '/$datafile_location/tsapexf01.dbf' size 50M autoextend on next 10M maxsize 300M;
create tablespace tsapexu datafile '/$datafile_location/tsapexu01.dbf' size 50M autoextend on next 10M maxsize 300M;
These tablespaces we are going to use during Apex Installation
Loading Apex into Database
Login to middle tier(Application Server) & download Apex 2.2 software from location mentioned at end of this post (software is with name apex_2.2.zip);
Copy it to location where you want to install Apex on Middle tier ; assume its /u01/dev
unzip software as ; unzip apex_2.2.zip
This will craete a subdirectory with name apex ; cd apex
sqlplus system@tns_alias as sysdba (From middle tier connect to database as sysdba)
@apexins.sql {passwd} {ts for user} {ts for files} {ts for temp} /i/ {connect_info}
Where
passwd - Password for Apex Super User
ts for user - Tablespace for User data (Created above)
ts for files - Tablespace for Apex files (Created above)
ts for temp - temporary tablespace (Usually Temp)
i - is the alias for image directory configuration in Application Server (Apache httpd.conf)
connect info - TNS Alias to connect to database from middle Tier @apexins.sql mypasswd tsapexu tsapexf temp /i/ tns_alias This step will take 1-2 hours depending on server configuration
Configure Apex at Middle Tier (Application Server)
Create a file marvel.conf in $ORACLE_HOME/Apache/modplsql/conf
Replace ORACLE_HOME, hostname, port number, service_name, and apex_public_user_password with values appropriate for your environment.
######### Alias /i/ "/u01/dev/apex/images/"
AddType text/xml xbl
AddType text/x-component htc
Order deny,allow
PlsqlDocumentPath docs
AllowOverride None
PlsqlDocumentProcedure wwv_flow_file_manager.process_download
PlsqlDatabaseConnectString hostname.domainname:db_port:SID ServiceNameFormat
PlsqlNLSLanguage AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
PlsqlAuthenticationMode Basic
SetHandler pls_handler
PlsqlDocumentTablename wwv_flow_file_objects$
PlsqlDatabaseUsername APEX_PUBLIC_USER
PlsqlDefaultPage apex
PlsqlDatabasePassword password
Allow from all
####### include marvel.conf in httpd.conf like below so that it can be invoked each time Apache(Web Server) Starts
include "/replace_this_with_oracle_home/Apache/modplsql/conf/marvel.conf" Update this configuration change in DCM repository (This step is required only on 10g Application Server, Skip this if you are configuring it with Apps 11i or standalone HTTP Server)
Make sure Alias /i/ "/u01/dev/apex/images/" this alias in marvel.conf is pointing to right apex images directory
Post Installation Steps
dcmctl updateconfig -ct ohs
opmnctl restartproc ias-component=HTTP_Server (Restart HTTP Server to check it)
Now try access application via URL
http://hostname.domainname:port/pls/apex
Software & Related Document
You can find Apex Software Version 2.2 at
http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/database/application_express/download.html
How to configure Apex or HTMLDB applications with SSO Server coming soon ....
 Labels: apex |
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| posted by Atul Kumar @ 5:08 PM
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| Discoverer in Oracle Applications |
| Sunday, November 05, 2006 |
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We have moved to http://onlineAppsDBA.com kindly check http://onlineAppsDBA.comin future
One of my readers reminded me that I have not covered on discoverer for Apps DBA yet so thought of putting some bits and pieces for you on Discoverer and later on How to Integrate Discoverer 10g with Oracle Apps 11i. So lets start this discussion about overview & things you should know about Discoverer as Apps DBA.
Whats is Discoverer Server ?
Discoverer is and ad hoc query, reporting, analysis and publishing tool which help business users to get quick access to information from datawarehouse or OLTP systems. In Apps, Discoverer version 4i used to be installed & configured out of the box which is desupported now. You should configure Apps with Discoverer 10g (I am going to cover about how to configure discoverer 10g with E-Business Suite)
What should I know about Discoverer as an Apps DBA ?
Though each component in Apps like forms, reports, web server including Discoverer in itself are quite big and more you know about them better it is for you . Few Important things you should know about Discoverer in Apps is like how to start/stop & how to access it. In case of any issues you should be able to troubleshoot discoverer.
What is EUL ?
You will hear lot about EUL from business analyst which means End User Layer, which is the key to provide ease of use to underlying data in Oracle Apps Database.
Technical things about discoverer in Apps ..
--In Apps default discoverer version 4i, is installed under $ORACLE_HOME/discwb4
--Script to start discoverer server is addisctl.sh under $OAD_TOP/admin/scripts/$CONTEXT_NAME
-- This script in turn start discoverer processes which can be start by startall.sh under $ORACLE_HOME/discwb4/util (This script is different from adstrtal.sh)
-- startall.sh calls scripts like startgatekeeper.sh, startlocator.sh , startoad.sh, startosagent.sh to start gatekeeper, locator, oad & osagent resp.
-- In Apps two major way to access EUL is via Discoverer view & Discoverer Plus edition (You can use Discoverer Administration Edition as well)
Quiz to reader :
A. How will you find discoverer version in Apps ?
B. What URL you use to access Disco viewer & Disco plus .
Post your answers via comments
Stay tuned to check
How to install 10g Discoverer & configure with Oracle Applications 11i
Coming Soon .....
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Relax & you will get notification in your mail box as soon I post new Topic here .Labels: 11i, basics, discoverer |
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| posted by Atul Kumar @ 2:00 AM
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