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For Apps DBA Beginner's
  • Start From Here
  • Order of Apps Study
  • 11i Software
  • Apps Architecture
  • Install Apps 11i
  • Install Apps 11i Part II
  • Startup/Shutdown
  • Request Flow in Apps
  • Various TOP's
  • Cloning Basics
  • Cloning I
  • Cloning II
  • Autoconfig Basics
  • Autoconfig Config File
  • Template Files in Autoconfig
  • Discoverer Overview
  • Workflow Mailer in Apps
  • Printing Overview
  • Configuring Printers
  • Pasta Printing
  • Performance Overview
  • Install 10g Application Server
  • Apps DBA Certification
  • Common DBA Topics
  • Scared of RAC ?
  • Install RAC on your laptop part I
  • Step by Step build RAC part II
  • Step by Step install RAC using VMWare part III
  • Install Oracle RAC Database part IV
  • oraInventory Basics
  • Install Database 10.2.0.1
  • Upgarde DB to 10.2.0.2
  • Fusion
  • Is Fusion a conFusion ?
  • Fusion Middleware Overview I
  • Fusion Middleware Overview II
  • Application Integration Architecture
  • SOA Install Part I
  • SOA Install Part II
  • SOA Install Part III
  • Install BPEL Process Manager
  • Apps Integration OID/SSO
  • Management Qs for Apps Integration with SSO/OID
  • 25 things your DBA should know for Apps/SSO integration
  • Identity Management
  • COREid Overview
  • Oracle COREid or Idm & Access Mgmt overview
  • Installing Access Manager 10.1.4
  • WebGate request flow
  • Identity Manager Architecture
  • Installing Identity Manager
  • OAS-SSO Overview
  • OID Overview
  • OID Basics II
  • OID Cluster
  • OID Integration with Other LDAP Servers overview
  • Integrate OID with AD I
  • OID Replication Overview
  • Multi Master OID Replication
  • Migrate OID/SSO to new Host
  • Apps R 12
  • Socket or Servlet in R12
  • Startup/Shutdown Scripts in R12
  • Unified APPL_TOP
  • Apps R 12.0.1
  • Difference between 11i & R12 Technical
  • Prepare for R12 Installation
  • Install VMWare on Windows for Linux Install
  • Install Linux for Apps R12 Install
  • Install Apps R12 on Linux Virtual Machine
  • R12 Upgrade & database
  • R12 Fils System Changes
  • R12 Release Date
  • 10g Application Server
  • 10g AS Overview
  • Installing 10g AS
  • Start/Stop 10g AS
  • Web Cache Basics
  • Single Sign-On Overview
  • OID Overview
  • Cloning 10g AS
  • 10g AS Middle tier Cloning & Overview
  • OID Cluster Imp. Points
  • CPU Patch, Infra Tier
  • CPU Patch, Middle Tier
  • AS Guard / DR Overview
  • Oracle Apps 11i
  • My Site
  • Apps DBA Scripts
  • Apps DBA Interview Q's
  • 11i JVM's
  • Apps Training in India
  • 11i Health Check
  • Good Metalink Notes
  • About Me  
  • For Advanced Apps DBA
  • URL Firewall in DMZ Setup
  • Upgrade Apps to 11.5.10.2
  • Load Balancer Overview
  • Load Balancer Config
  • HTTP layer Load balancing in Apps 11i
  • Dataguard Overview
  • Configure Dataguard / Standby database
  • Standby Site for Apps 11i
  • How to change Hostname on Apps Instance
  • SSL Overview in Apps
  • Configure SSL to Web Server
  • Key Points for SSL in Apps
  • Reduce Patch Timing
  • Reduce Patch Timing II
  • Shared APPL_TOP Overview
  • Configure Shared APPL_TOP
  • 11i Database Upgrade I
  • 11i Database Upgrade II
  • Change Session TimeOut
  • Patching
  • Apps Patch Basics
  • Apps Patch Basics II
  • Apply Apps Patch
  • CPU Overview
  • Steps to Apply CPU Patch
  • CPU Patch on Infra Tier
  • CPU Patch on AS Middle Tier
  • Troubleshooting
  • Web Server TS Part I
  • Web Server TS Part II
  • CM Troubleshooting
  • 10g Discoverer with Apps
  • Discoverer Bascis in Apps
  • Discoverer 10g Upgarde Basics
  • Discoverer 10g Configuration Steps with 11i
  • Collaboration Suite
  • Collaboration Suite
  • Calendar Overview
  • Sync Calendar from Mobile I
  • Sync Calendar from Mobile II
  • OCS Mail Architecture
  • Apex / HTMLDB
  • Install Apex 2.2
  • Apex with SSO part I
  • Apex with SSO part II
  • SSO Authentication Schemes
  • Certification
  • Possible Certifications for DBA
  • Apps DBA Certification
  • 1Z0-311-OCA-10g OAS Overview
  • 1z0-312-OCP-10g OAS Overview
  • 1z0-312 - Managing Customization and Topology
  • 1z0-312 - Cloning and Staging OAS
  • Apps DBA Jobs
  • Working / Apps DBA in UK
  • Oracle Recruiting Apps DBA's
  • Apps DBA Jobs Updated Regularly
  • Apps Job at Satyam
  • Useful Links
  • Good Metalink Notes
  • petefinnigan's Oracle Security
  • Linux Basics
  • Atul Mehta's Oracle Links
  • Others
  • Apps DBA Training Institute
  • 1 Year Journey of this Blog
  • How To ?
  • Change APPS Password
  • Preserve Customizations
  • Blog Roll
    Apps / E-Business Suite
  • Steven Chan Apps
  • Anil Passi Technical
  • Fadi Apps DBA
  • Senthil Apps DBA
  • Bas Klaassen EBS DBA
  • Sam Apps DBA
  • Black Geek Apps DBA
  • Bandari Apps
  • Vikram ERP Architect
  • OraBiz
  • Eric Core DBA
  • SOA
  • Navdeep Saini Apps DBA
  • tugdualgrall Web Services
  • Mohan Dutt's Apps Certification
    IdM
  • Nishant Kaushik's IdM
  • Nulli Blog, OAM
  • Identity Musing
  • Identity nd Access Management
    Core DBA
  • Vidya Bala DBA
  • Sabdar DBA
    Data Management
  • Ivan Pellegrin Data Management


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    Configuring Printer in Oracle Applications
    Thursday, September 28, 2006
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    If you have not read my previous post about printers basics , I'll suggest you to first read & understand basic terminology in Configuring Apps Printer like Printer Type, Style, Driver at http://becomeappsdba.blogspot.com/2006/09/printer-basics-in-oracle-apps-11i.html

    How to Register Printer in Oracle Apps ?
    First Printer which you want to configure should be able to print at Operating System Level from Concurrent Manager Machine.
    You can issue lp command. Don't proceed until you can print via Operating System command lp from CM node. Once printer is configured at O.S. Level , ask Unix System administrator name with which they have configured printer at O.S. Level.
    Collect printer type information, it should be like HP , APPLE , EPSON ...

    Login to Oracle Applications with System Administrator Responsibility & click on Install -> Printer -> Register then under Printer Tab enter name by which printer is defined at CM node at O.S. Level. In Type define type of printer like HP , EPSON , APPLE. In Description enter some sensible description . This completes registration of your printer on your Oracle Application.
    Now test this printer by submitting some request & selecting recently configured printer & you should be able to print.

    There are two other printing options in oracle apps using PASTA & XML . If I get request on printing using PASTA utility or XML utility then I'll discuss them in future .

    If you would like to find out version of any oracle apps component like Forms Version , Apps version , Jinitiator version , JDBC version, operating system version .. Then visit http://teachmeoracle.com/version.html If you kind find how to find version of any component in apps then drop me a mail.

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    posted by Atul Kumar @ 3:47 PM   28 Comments


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    Printer Basics in Oracle Apps 11i
    Wednesday, September 27, 2006
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    Well lot of my readers were pushing me to write on printer configuration and I was dragging it since long but now as I have started getting lot of mails of printer step(either for certification or for interview) so finally I decided to start with Printers Basics & to understand printers in Apps Understanding these basics terminology is quite important.




    Printer Drivers : As you see in last section under Install -> Printer Section, driver delivers command to printer about how to output a specific print style. You can understand them as series of instructions used by print style for a particular printer.
    Example of Drivers is A4HPLJ4



    Printer Style : Tells printer how printed output should look, for ex. Number of lines in page, width of line , whether header to print or not. A printer can have more than one style as long as printer supports it. If a print style is available & registers for a particular printer then only it will be visible to user (In some CM reports these styles are predefined and can't be changed)
    Example of Print Style is A4




    Printer type : is to identify printer by manufacturer & model number for ex. HP laser Jet III

    Printer Type form in Apps ( Install -> Printer -> Types) associate Style with Driver Name .
    For Ex. with Printer Type HPLJ4 , you see style A4 & driver A4HPLJ4




    SRW - Stands for SQL report writer driver file, Thing to Note w.r.t. SRW Driver file is that
    If a report is for online viewing, report uses SRW named by print style in print style form.
    If a report is for Printing , report uses SRW driver named by oracle Apps printer driver in Printer Drivers form.

    Almost all standard Printer Types, Printer Driver & Printer Style are preconfigured in Apps. You just need to register your printer with Applications .

    A lot more on how to register printers in Oracle Applications , Pasta Printing & using XML for printer in next Updates ..

    For those whose mails I have not responded yet , thanks a lot for your patience I will try to respond you all ASAP .

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    posted by Atul Kumar @ 8:52 PM   25 Comments


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    Reducing Patch Timing Contd...
    Tuesday, September 26, 2006
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    Yesterday we looked at how to use default file so that you can reduce repetative questions asked in adpatch session each time its initiated like APPL_TOP, ORACLE_HOME confirmation. Lets check what else you can do to reduce patch time ( All these tricks & tips to reduce patch time is useful if you are applying lots of patches may be five or more )

    With lot of patches adpatch compile database objects & compile JSP's in end so if you are applying 10 patches & out of those six patches execute compile database in end so adpatch will compile database six time which is waste of resource in terms of time. If you instruct adpatch not to compile of JSP & Database objects & do it in last manually this will reduce lot of your patch timing . So lets see how to do it .

    If you are not clear with patch basics here are my previous posts
    Apps Patch Basics
    Apps Patch Basics Part II
    How to Apply Apps Patch using ADPATCH

    Yesterday I told that you can use defaults file like

    adpatch defaultsfile=$APPL_TOP/admin/$SID/defaults.txt logfile=654321.log patchtop=/patches/654321 driver=u654321.drv interactive=no

    so if you don't want adpatch to compile database & jsp with each execution of adpatch you can use options nocompiledb & nocompilejsp

    adpatch defaultsfile=$APPL_TOP/admin/$SID/defaults.txt options=nocompilejsp,nocompiledb logfile=654321.log patchtop=/patches/654321 driver=u654321.drv interactive=no

    Once your patching is complete and you have applied all patches you can compile jsp & database once.

    How to compile database objetcs ?
    Use adadmin compile database option else
    Use utlrp.sql script on database tier at $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin

    How to compile JSP in Apps ?
    Use perl script ojspCompile.pl under $JTF_TOP/admin/scripts like
    perl ojspCompile.pl --compile

    Merge Patches to reduce patch timing
    Another option to reduce patch timing is to use ad tool admrgpch, so lets say you have 10 patches to apply you can merge 10 patches & create single patch and apply that single patch. ( Sometime applying patches after merging may fail because of conflict in driver file so check first on test server)

    create a directory lets say source_directory & put all patches which you want to merge in that & create another directory where your final single patch will come lets say destination_directory then use

    admrgpch source_directory destination_directory
    If there is any error in merging patch by default it will be in directory from where you are initiating admrgpch by name admrgpch.log
    Apply patch from target directory via normal adpatch way.

    If you are Upgrading your apps instance lets say from 11.5.8 or 11.5.9 to 11.5.10 you can use stagged APPL_TOP (ddifferent from shared APPL_TOP)
    More on stagged APPL_TOP coming in near future ....

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    Reduce Patch timing in apps , defaults file, nocompilejsp , nocompiledb , merge patch
    Monday, September 25, 2006
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    At start of my career I was applying apps patches with couple of my colleagues ( all freshers), there was huge bunch of patches (I know everybody has to apply lot of patches initially) and we were applying patches individually one by one. Our team lead came & asked us how come you are still applying patches speed up & finish it early (You can't afford this much downtime for patching) . One of my colleague replied look we are not doing anything its Server (Unix Machine) which is applying patches & we can't do much . My TL said give attention what adpatch is doing & try to remove redundant steps which are repeated with each patch.

    that's where we really started looking at we realized that
    In each patch adpatch is
    1. Asking basic questions like , Default APPL_TOP, Log file name, ORACLE_HOME, apps password, system password
    2. Compiling database at end of some patches
    3. Compiling JSP at end of most of patches
    4. Running maintain MRC Multiple reporting Currency in installation where MRC was configured.
    5. It was by default taking number of workers as twice the CPU + 1
    6. There was some thing called batchsize

    Then I looked at metalink to find if there is anyway I can reduce repeated tasks and came across defaults file which I am going to discuss in subsequent pages.
    Other thing I came across is merging patched via admrgpch I'll discuss about this after defaults file may be tomorrow
    You can also play with batchsize & number of workers to reduce patch timing

    Using Defaults file with adpatch (Non Interactive)
    How to create defaults file ?
    adpatch defaultsfile=$APPL_TOP/admin/$SID/defaults.txt ( You can keep this txt file in any location of your choice)
    Now abort autopatch section at point where it asks for patch directory by ctrl +c or ctrl+d
    Now check if this file exists
    You have to do above steps only once in an environment to create defaults file.


    How to apply patches in future ?
    Now any future patches you apply non interactive using defaults file like
    adpatch defaultsfile=$APPL_TOP/admin/$SID/defaults.txt logfile=654321.log patchtop=/patches/654321 driver=u654321.drv interactive=no

    You will see that it will apply patch by itself using defaults file , adpatch will pick APP_TOP, ORACLE_HOME information, system password and apps password from defaults file.

    This will save lot of time & you can reduce your patch timing usign defaults file .

    More on how to reduce patch time in coming posts ...

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    This site is copyright protected, please don't cheat
    Saturday, September 23, 2006
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    I came across couple of sites in web who have copied partial or entire pages from my site, word to word.

    Please note that Material published on this site and my other site teachmeoracle.com is copyright protected and may not be reproduced without my permission. Any one copying partial and full content without my prior permission is illegal .

    One such site copying my entire pages illegally is ebsdba.blog.com from China , This is formal notice to owner of blog ebsdba.blog.com and others who have copied content from my site without my prior permission to kindly remove my pages.

    P.S. You can very well point link to my site and I encorage that as well but copying entire page & owning it, is illegal.

    My viewers from china , if you know owner of ebsdba.blog.com kindly ask him to remove my content from his pages .

    I hope healthy learning & to work in professional way by everyone.
    I am quite disappointed to see my work being stolen & bit discouraged putting & sharing my work with others who really need it.

    Please don't copy others work .

    ------
    Updated on 27 Sep.
    ####
    Thanks a lot to all of you who reported me that my content is copied by someone and to all those who guided me how to proceed with copyright . ebsdba has finally removed my content from his site , yesterday :-) Cheersssss..
    ####

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    Implementing Shared APPL_TOP or Application Tier
    Thursday, September 21, 2006
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    Lets continue with how to configure shared Application Tier ( Earlier used to called as shared APPL_TOP) .

    If you have reached here via search engine & haven't read overview of shared APPL_TOP or shared application tier then I'll recommend you go through it at http://becomeappsdba.blogspot.com/2006/09/shared-appltop-in-oracle-apps-basics.html

    From now onwards I'll discuss shared application tier & shared APPL_TOP interchangeably.

    There are two scenarios in which you want to configure Shared Application tier like
    1. You want to configure shared APPL_TOP at install time itself (During Initial Build/Fresh Install)
    2. You already have multi node Installation and want to configure Shared APPL_TOP.

    In case of fresh Install or configure shared application tier via Installer
    You first find a file system & share it across all servers ( Usually ask unix team to do so). Lets assume you want to configure shared appl_top on machine 1, 2 and 3 . Assume you have file system /u01/shared/appl_top, /u01/shared/comn_top, /u01/shared/ora_top local to any of these servers or on any file server like SAN or NAS , then mount it to all these three servers with same mount points assume in our case we mounted like
    /u01/shared/appl_top, /u01/shared/comn_top, /u01/shared/ora_top
    Then when rapid installer asks for mount points give shared mount points from all three or more machines. Rest Leave on Installer :)

    In case to configure shared Application Tier on already installed multiple node
    1. There is some minimum software version for some component you need , make sure you have appropriate version if not upgrade them . For version check metalink Note referenced at bottom of this in Related links section.
    2. Then you need to enable Autoconfig if you already don't have Autoconfig enabled : To check more on Autoconfig visit http://teachmeoracle.com/autoconfig.html
    3. If your exisiting xml file ( CONTEXT file) is of format SID.xml then you need it in format SID_HOSTNAME.xml ( This way each server will recognize its xml/context file ) . You can do same by perl script adclonectx.pl
    4. Shared file system across all machine with same mount point as done above
    5. You then finally run autoconfig to configure shared application tier

    Related Links
    ==============

    Overview of Shared APPL_TOP & Application Tier

    Metalink Note #
    233428.1 Sharing the Application Tier File System in Oracle Applications 11i
    243880.1 Shared APPL_TOP FAQ

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    posted by Atul Kumar @ 4:17 PM   1 Comments


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    Tell others how to Become Apps DBA
    Wednesday, September 20, 2006
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    I thought of making this site more interactive & want others to participate in sharing your knowledge with others.

    So those who want to share their knowledge with others on Apps DBA or Linux or any good link which can be helpful to others then shoot a mail to me at atul_iiit@yahoo.com or post a comment with your mail ID & I 'll grant access to write on this blog.

    It can be anything from

    Basics of Oracle Apps DBA
    Useful scripts for Oracle Apps DBA
    Linux or Windows basics
    Good Metalink Notes
    Other Good Sites related to Oracle Apps
    Your learning Experience
    Anything on certification
    Interview Questions for Oracle Apps DBA


    So I am expecting lots of mails or comments from readers who want to share their bit with others.

    I want to thank Ramnik & Ravi for sharing lot of useful Information with Others.

    Happy Learning

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    posted by Atul Kumar @ 7:51 PM   3 Comments


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    Shared APPL_TOP in Oracle Apps Basics
    Tuesday, September 19, 2006
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    Based on lot of request I am discussing on Shared APPL_TOP & Shared Application Tier. For next few days I will start with basics of Shared APPL_TOP like
    what's is Shared APPL_TOP ?
    Advantages of Shared APPL_TOP ?
    Difference between Shared APPL_TOP & Application Tier
    Difference between Shared APPL_TOP & Staged APPL_TOP
    How to Implement Shared APPL_TOP in Oracle Apps ?

    So rather than talking too much lets start with Shared APPL_TOP & Application Tier .

    In order to understand concept of shared APPL_TOP you first need to know what is APPL_TOP & what are various other TOP's in Oracle Apps .
    Oracle Apps File System (Software ) is mainly divided in to five top level directories

    DATA_TOP : For data file (Database Tier )
    DB_TOP : Database Software 8i, 9i or 10g ( Database Tier )

    APPL_TOP : For various product tops (Application Tier )
    COMMON_TOP : for files & directories common to all products ( Application Tier )
    ORA_TOP : for iAS, Forms & Reports Component , Tech. Stack ( Application Tier )

    Why I need shared APPL_TOP ?
    If you have two/three (Multiple) Middle Tier for Large User base then you have to install APPL_TOP, COMMON_TOP & ORA_TOP equal to number of Nodes in your configuration. So if you have three middle tier then you need these three top three times & if there are n nodes you need n time these three top's .
    This result in lots of Space Requirement & bigger problem is patching so If you have 5 nodes you need to apply apps patch 5 times.
    So Oracle Came Up with solution to have single APPL_TOP which is shared across all nodes in apps. This will save space as well patch timing. This concept of sharing APPL_TOP file system across all Middle Tier Nodes is called as APPL_TOP .
    You will say if I can share APPL_TOP why Can't I share COMMON_TOP & ORA_TOP as well which are also part of Application Tier , Yes you can & this concept is called as Shared Application Tier.

    What is Shared Application Tier ?
    Sharing Application Tier ( including APPL_TOP, COMN_TOP, ORA_TOP) across all Middle Tier Nodes in configuration is called as Shared Application Tier.

    So I can say shared APPL_TOP is subset of shared Application Tier , initially shared APPL_TOP came out & based on its advantages & popularity later COMMON_TOP & ORA_TOP files were also included & entire concept is called as Shared Application Tier.

    Limitation with Shared APPL_TOP , Application Tier ?
    If you are running Apps on Windows you'll be sad to hear that its not certified with Windows Operation System. More over you can share across same operation system like Linux to Linux & Solaris to Solaris.

    More to come in next post like
    Broad Level steps of configure Shared Application Tier ..
    difference between Shared Appl_top & staged appl top

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    posted by Atul Kumar @ 5:21 PM   34 Comments


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    Back with posting
    Register for R12 upgrade
    Thanks a lot for your patience for these four days , from now you will see regular update on new technologies including frequently used tools in Apps DBA life .

    If you have not seen mostly used Metalink Notes you can check them from left Menu bar under Section "Oracle Apps 11i" with heading Good metalink Notes against Blinking "New" sign . (More Frequently Used & good Metalink Notes coming soon)

    I am going to post tonight about shared APPL_TOP in order to understand , I recommend you go through about Different Top in my previous post at

    http://becomeappsdba.blogspot.com/2006/08/whats-different-tops-in-application.html

    For those who mailed me & I haven't replied yet, I'll do it in a day or two as I have long list of mail to reply & I am doing it on FCFS basis. Thanks a lot for your patience.

    Atul Kumar
    Apps DBA

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    posted by Atul Kumar @ 7:40 AM   2 Comments


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    Hot Backup Scripts for database backup and apps backup
    Thursday, September 14, 2006
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    Yesterday I discussed about backup Overview & cold backup if you have not gone though it you can read it from

    http://becomeappsdba.blogspot.com/2006/09/backup-recovery-in-oracle-apps.html

    Yesterday I mentioned that I am going to post about hot backup scripts , here it comes

    Enable Archive Log
    First check if your database is in Archive mode
    SQL> archive log list
    Database log mode Archive Mode
    Automatic archival Enabled
    If you see Automatic archival is enabled that means database is in archive mode . If not then

    SQL>SHUTDOWN
    SQL>STARTUP MOUNT
    SQL>ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
    SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
    SQL>alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 ='LOCATION=/your/archive/location/arch' scope=spfile;
    SQL>shutdown immediate
    SQL>Startup
    Steps are for database 10g , These commands may vary according to your database version.
    After that for Hotbackup
    Change tablespace mode to begin backup like
    alter tablespace tablespace_name begin backup; you have to do this for all tablesapces in your database except temporary tablespace (This can be tedious work if you are doing it manually so here is script to do so )

    SQL>set head off
    SQL>spool beginbackup.sql
    SQL>select 'alter tablespace ' tablespace_name ' begin backup;' from dba_tablespaces;
    SQL>spool off

    This will create file beginbackup.sql with entry for all tablespaces, remove any unnecessary lines & then execute this script into SQL like
    SQL>@beginbackup.sql (Once you execute this script this will put all tablespaces in to begin backup mode)

    Now create backup of your control file in Human Readable format like
    alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/some/path'; you can reuse it by removing comment at beginning & replace them with connect / as sysdba

    Then
    1. Copy all your datafiles, redo logs and control file from your database server to backup location.
    after datafiles are copied don't forget to end backup for all tablespace here is the scripts
    SQL>set head off
    SQL>spool endbackup.sql
    SQL>select 'alter tablespace ' tablespace_name ' end backup;' from dba_tablespaces;
    SQL>spool off

    This will create file endbackup.sql with entry for all tablespaces, remove any unnecessary lines & then execute this script into SQL like
    SQL>@endbackup.sql (Once you execute this script this will put all tablespaces in to end backup mode)

    This completes your datafiles backup but you still have to backup database software & oracle Applications Middle Tier

    2. Copy database software $ORACLE_HOME from server to backup location
    3. Copy Apps Middle tier all TOPs (APPL_TOP, COMMON_TOP, ORA_TOP)

    TIP: Sometime if you copy application tier while apache is Up , you copy httpd.pid or httpd_pls.pid from $IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/logs/httpd.pid and if in restored Instance Apache doesn't start & complain about httpd.pid or httpd_pls.pid already exists , you can simply delete these two files from restored Instance & start Apache Web Server.

    Please note I am not in town for another 4 days so I'll not be able to Upadte this Site till Tuesday. Thanks in Advance for your patience.

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    Backup & Recovery in Oracle Apps Database
    Tuesday, September 12, 2006
    Register for R12 upgrade
    Based on lots of request from readers of this blog I am posting on Backup & Recovery of Oracle Apps 11i database & application tier.

    I'll discuss on How to troubleshoot load balancer in oracle Apps after Backup & Recover.

    You might have read in Oracle Documentation lot of time to backup your system before applying patch or before database Upgrade or changing any file or table. Today you will see how to take backup of table, file, database or applications (I am covering only basic things on backup)

    How to backup a file/directory ?
    This is most common & very basic thing in taking backup, backup is snapshot of any file at a particular time . In order to take backup of file/directory so that it can be recovered at later stage (In case of any issues)
    cp filename filename.bak
    If you want to backup directory you can use
    cp -R dir dir.bak
    If directory is quite big lets assume APPL_TOP which is around 11GB you can tar (zip) utility in linux.
    tar -cvf dir.tar dir ( Where -c is compress , v is verbose, f is file )
    to restore backed up directory use -x extract option like
    tar -xvf dir.tar

    How to backup a table ?
    If you are a DBA you will find this bit silly but you can use create table as assume you want to backup table FND_USERS to table FND_USERS_BAK , you can use
    SQL> create table FND_USERS_BAK as select * from FND_USERS;
    Though you can use imp/exp feature of database as well to backup a atble.

    What are two main backup categories for Database ?
    Broadly you have Cold Backup & Hot backup option with database.

    Cold backup : is database backup which you take when database is down
    Hotbackup : is database backup during which database is available to user . For Hotbackup database should be in archive log mode. Tablespaces should be in begin backup mode while copying data files.

    Advantages of Cold backup :
    Easy to implement, No need to convert database in to archive.
    Disadvantage of Cold Backup :
    Services are not available during backup, not acceptable in production

    Advantages of Hot backup :
    Users can access database & application during backup
    Disadvantages of Hot Backup :
    Difficult to implement initially, extra space for archive logs

    For Cold Backup of Database & Applications :
    --Shut down application tier services using adstpall.sh
    --Shutdown database listener & database
    --Copy file system (middle Tier & Database tier including software & datafiles to tape or harddisk ). You can zip or tar as well to reduce size of backup as mentioned above via tar -cvf
    --Once backup is over start database & db listener
    --Start Application Tier

    For Hot backup of Database & Applications :
    --Make sure database is in Archive log mode ( How to check & how to convert coming tomorrow)
    --Put tablespaces in to begin backup Mode
    --Create backup control file
    -- Copy datafiles , log file, control files
    --Put tablespaces into end backup Mode
    -- Copy oracle software & middle tier software as mentioned in cold backup mode
    Backup done

    How to put tablespaces into begin or end backup mode
    Wait for tomorrow's post ...

    If you want to check Oracle Apps DBA Interview Questions check at

    http://teachmeoracle.com/interview.html ( Around 15 pages & 90 questions)

    *Those who posted interview questions to me, wait for some time as I am very busy right into project. I'll try to respond you before end of this week .

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    Hardware Load balancing at HTTP Layer in Apps Contd..
    Monday, September 11, 2006
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    If you are accessing this page directly without reading previous post about load balancer & broad level steps of configuring load balancer in Apps then first check

    Overview of Load Balancer
    Broad level Steps for Load Balancer

    After configuring Load Balancer in Oracle Applications 11i you as Apps DBA need to apply three prereq. patches

    Patch 3175852 - This patch will give tags in CONTEXT file ( xml file) required to configure load balancer , I'll discuss on these tags in this post later
    Patch 3077386 - This is for logout issue which is not function properly
    Patch 3209878 - Only if you are using Oracle Configurator

    If you are on apps 11.5.10 or above , these patches are already included .

    After these patches you need to clone from existing tier to one more middle tier ( If existing middle tier include Concurrent Manager & Reports Node , don't configure target instance for CM or Reports as I suppose you don't want to configure PCP more coming on PCP in future posts you just need load balancing on HTTP Layer). I suppose you are already aware that while running adcfgclone.sh steps you can define what services you want to run on particular nodes

    At this stage your node1 & node2 should be similar & users should be able to login from node1 or node2 ( http://node1.domain:port and http://node2.domain:port resp.) with their own hostnames . If this is working then lets proceed with Load balancer configuration.

    Change your context file (xml file ) under $APPL_TOP/admin via context editor or OAM (Oracle Application Manager )
    Before changing lets understand what variables you need to change & what each parameter mean

    webentryhost oa_var="s_webentryhost" : Change this from node1 to loadbalancer name in our case its lbr
    webentrydomain oa_var="s_webentrydomain" : Change it to load balancer domain name
    webentryurlprotocol oa_var="s_webentryurlprotocol" : Change it to protocol you use to access application http or https
    activewebport oa_var="s_active_webport" : Change it to port on which load balancer is listening . Lets assume your node1 & node2 webserver is listening on port 8000 and you want URL like http://lbr.domainname.com that means your load balancer is listening on default http port i.e. 80 so define here s_active_webport as 80

    After changing these parameters on node1 , run autoconfig after changing above parameters in context file. Start your applications on Node1 only (shutdown services on node2 which is not yet configured for loadbalancer)

    Try to access applications via load balancer , if you can good job (You still have to configure second node).

    ####

    If you can't nothing to worry (It happens) How to figure out problem & where to check for issues , wait for my updates till tomorrow ....

    ####
    Tip: Don't forget to take backup before making all these changes ;-)

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    Configure Hardware Load Balancer at HTTP Server Layer
    Saturday, September 09, 2006
    Register for R12 upgrade

    Yesterday I discussed about Overview of Load balancer and various types of load balancer as you can configure load balancer at various levels like
    - DNS Layer Load balancing
    - HTTP Server level Hardware Load balancing(Discussed today)
    - Jserv level load balancing (I'll discuss after HTTP level load balancing)

    Today in this post I am discussing only at HTTP Server level Hardware Load balancer.
    Before configuring Load balancer in Oracle Apps , you should be familiar with following technologies
    1. Cloning
    Check my previous post to know about cloning
    Cloning Basics
    Cloning Part I
    Cloning Part II
    Metalink Note # 230672.1 Cloning Oracle Applications Release 11i with Rapid Clone
    2. Load Balancer Basics
    Check my previous post for Over of Load balancer
    Load Balancer Overview
    3. Autoconfig
    Check About Autoconfig on My Site
    Metalink Note 165195.1 Using AutoConfig to Manage System Configurations with Oracle Applications 11i

    Broad Level steps for configuring Hardware Load balancer at HTTP Server layer
    A. Configure Hardware Load Balancer for Session Persistence
    B. Apply Prereq. Patch (If you are not on 11.5.10 or higher)
    C. Add additional Web Node using Rapid Clone
    D. Configure Load balancer on Node1
    E. Test Load balancer via Node1
    F. Configure Load balancer on Node2
    G. Test Load balancer via Node2
    H. Test Load balancer is sending requests to both nodes when both Web Nodes are Up

    Yesterday I posted that you need extra attention while configuring Load balancer at HTTP layer is about
    Session Persistence - Hardware level Load Balancer should be configured for session persistence also called as stickness or sticky bit for Oracle Apps 11i . If this is not set & lets assume client1 first request went to Node1 after authentication if next request for client1 goes to Node2 who is not aware of client1 's previous request will throw authentication again. Don't worry about how to set it, ask vendor or Unix Administrator to set sticky bit or session persistence .

    Now you have broad overview of configuring Load balancer at HTTP layer, I'll discuss in detail why you need to apply above patches & what all step by step configuration and parameters which needs to be changed and reasoning behind those changes . Till then check for Cloning, Autoconfig.

    If you are preparing for Apps DBA Interview's and want to learn Apps via these questions then check sample questions with answers at my Site http://teachmeoracle.com/interview13.html there are around 16 pages with 5-6 questions on each page . Do let me know if you want to discuss any Interview Question which you encountered or want to share with budding Apps DBA's then mail me at atul_iiit@yahoo.com

    Happy Learning


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    Configure Load Balancer in Oracle Apps 11i , E-Business Suite
    Thursday, September 07, 2006
    Register for R12 upgrade

    What is Load Balancer in Oracle Applications 11i ?
    As name suggest its used to balance load on oracle applications, so lets say you initially sized (How to size server configuration in your apps 11i Instance during Implementation coming soon..) your server for 100 concurrent users & now additional 90 users started using your system , you can configure one more Application Tier node & distribute load of 190 users across two application tier node by configuring load balancer (Currently I am discussing only about Application Tier & once you are comfortable with Middle Tier I'll discuss on database tier)


    Why I need load balancer in Apps 11 ?
    Is Increased load only reason for introducing load balancer in Apps 11i , No not at all . There are other reasons as well like (These are more advanced reasons & if you don't understand don't worry read it for understanding purpose at this minute)
    - You want to Hide Server Name so instead of users accessing it via http://hostname:port you want users to access by http://somefancyname.com use load balancer (I know you can do this by various other ways as well like reverse proxy, via dns ..)
    - You want on some node only web server & some both form server & web server

    and there can lot of other reason why you need load balancer (May be you want to put it in your CV that you know how to configure load balancer, I know this is stupid reason :) )


    What is Role of Load balancer in Oracle Application 11i ?
    Usually load balancer act as mediator in passing your request to respective Middle Tiers (Usually web server ), so lets say you have configured load balancer in front of two middle tier which are part of your Applications 11i lets call them MT1 & MT2 . Load balancer will accept client's request and pass on to MT1 & MT2 ( round robin or the way you have configured load balancer, you here is Unix Administrators)

    What are different kind of load balancer ?
    Session Persistent - These kind of load balancers assign request from a client to same Application Tier. so lets say user1 tried connecting applications via load balancer and LB sent that request to MT1 then in future LB will send requests from user1 always to MT1 for time being specified in session persistence duration parameter specified in LB configuration or till user logs out from Applications. This property is called as Stickness or sticky Bit

    Non Session Persistent - These kind assign request to MT in round robin way so lets assume user1 requested for login page , LB sends this request to MT1 then user1 again clicked on user responsibility and this time LB sent request from user1 to second middle tier i.e. MT2

    Other types of LB, I am not discussing here as these are not required at this minute

    What all different kind of load balancing options available in Oracle 11i ?
    DNS Level Load Balancing ( Check image at top , this represent DNS level LB)
    HTTP Layer Load balancing (You need hardware load balancer which accepts http requests)
    Jserv Load balancing (This is example of software load balancer, via mod_oprocmgr Process Manager Module)
    Forms level load balancing - Jserv load balancing via forms servlets (More coming in future) , forms metrics server adfmsctl.sh

    How to configure Load Balancer in Oracle Apps 11i ?
    Coming in Next post...

    Things which need Extra Attention while Configuring Load Balancer in front of Oracle Apps Web Server
    Coming in Next post...

    How to confirm if load balancer is sending requests to all nodes which are configured for load balancer ?
    Coming in Next post...

    Where to find documents to configure Load Balancer ?
    Coming in Next post...

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    Oracle Critical Patch Updates and security Alerts
    Wednesday, September 06, 2006
    Register for R12 upgrade
    You might have noticed recently that Oracle has started new patching CPU (Critical Patch Update) and Oracle is Quite serious about it . These patches are not only for Oracle Applications 11i but they are for entire Oracle Products (11i, database, 10g application server, collaboration suite, Peoplesoft, JDEdward..) . Today and in my subsequent posts I'll cover Oracle Critical patches & security Alerts.

    You can find everything about CPU in metalink Notes & from Oracle's site (Link Mentioned below)
    *Below post are mentioned here for information only, Ideas expressed below are my own.

    What is Critical Patch Updates ?
    All Security Issues/Bugs are bundled together & shipped as patch every quarter( 3 months, usually in Jan,April,July, Oct.) , these patches are called as Critical Patch Updates or CPU's.
    Before CPU's (before 2005) Oracle Used to release these security patch with Alert i.e. Alert 21 or Alert 68.

    What are Security Issues / Bugs ?
    These vary from getting Unauthorized Access to Application to Attacking your Server so that real can't access apps (Denial of Service)...
    Lets take an example that if you can login to application or retrieve information without Authenicating that might be counted as Security Issue.

    Where to find more information on Oracle Security Alerts & Critical Patch Updates ?
    You can find most of required information on Oracle's Site at http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/security/alerts.htm
    I know its quite difficult to understand whole document in first reading so read two three times & for your convenience I will update more on how to read this document & how to apply CPU w.r.t. Oracle Applications 11i E-Business Suite (I'll not cover CPU for other components like Application Server or Collaboration Suite here , If you have these components integrated with 11i kindly check respective documentation)

    What is some one discovers very major security breach in Oracle Applications ?
    In my views Oracle understand criticality of your system & they will release unschedule security patch in that Case.

    Important Point w.r.t. CPU for E-Business Suite
    There is exception on CPU for E-Business Suite that they are not cumulative which means if you have applied a patch for July 2006 that doesn't mean that all bugs fixed in April 2006 CPU are also included in July 2006. For other oracle products CPU patches are cumulative.

    About How to apply CPU patches Coming Soon......

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    Performance Tuning Overview in Oracle Apps 11i Contd..
    Tuesday, September 05, 2006
    Register for R12 upgrade
    This Performance Tuning is an Overview of from where to start if users start complaining
    that Oracle Applications is running slow. If you have not read previous post on
    Performance Checks on 11i visit
    http://becomeappsdba.blogspot.com/2006/09/performance-tuning-apps-11i.html

    If performance issue is with entire application questions you should have in mind
    Is your applications sized properly ?
    Is initialization parameters set up correctly ?
    Are there any runaway processes in oracle database tier or application tier ?
    Is network connectivity between users & application server is fine , there is no delays ?
    Latest techstack including jdbc drivers, forms, database, jdk can improve performance
    considerably Check if system level trace is enabled ?
    Is Purge schedule ?
    Is gather stats scheduled ?

    If Issue is with only particular type of reports
    Check if there are no performance bugs with that module ?
    Are you on latest patchset for that product ?
    Is it standard report or custom ? (If custom enable trace & use tkprof, If standard then
    check in metalink if there is any issues reported by others)
    If Issue is only during particular time lets say during night Check what's running during that time Is it because of backups ?
    Is it because all resource intensive requests running in night ?

    If Issue is with specific users Check
    if trace is enabled at user level ?
    Is user client machine performing well ?
    Is connectivity from client machine to server fine ?

    This is just overview or starting point to check Performance Issues in Oracle applications
    11i for Tuning Individual component like , Apache, JVM, Concurrent manager I'll post in my
    future posts.

    One of reader asked how to schedule Gather Stats or How to schedule Purge Concurrent
    Program or Obsolete workflow data.
    These are concurrent requests & if you have "System Administrator Responsibility" login
    with that then go to Request -> View -> Select "Specific Request" and under "Name" Text
    Search for following requests
    Gather Schema Statistics ( supply parameter schema name , apps & others)
    Purge Concurrent Request and/or Manager Data ( supply retention period usually 90 days)Purge Signon Audit data
    Purge Obsolete Workflow Runtime Data
    Purge Obsolete Generic File Manager Data
    If you are not aware of what is concurrent request or how to check don't worry wait for sometime till we come to sysadmin section & I'll update what to read & from where to read about Oracle Application Sysadmin related to concurrent requests.

    If you want to understand How to proceed with Oracle Applications 11i tuning check Metalink Note 69565.1 A Holistic Approach to Performance Tuning Oracle Applications Systems (Though quite old guide from year 2001 but good for approach)

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    Performance Tuning Apps 11i
    Monday, September 04, 2006
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    Lot of Apps DBA's encounter performance Issues with Oracle Applications 11i . You get phone call from support team or your local helpdesk team that Users are complaining that system is running slow, you don't know where to start & what to do in this scenario . Here I am outlining overview at this minute what to ask users & what to look for ? These steps might be hepful when your 11i oracle is running slow .
    Steps mentioned below are for Apps 11i which may or may not fit in all your performance scenarios

    First as an Over view of Oracle Applications 11i check following things

    Broad Level Steps to Check
    1. Is Gather stats schedule ? ( atleast weekly ?)
    2. Is Purge Obsolete Workflow request & concurrent request purging scheduled ?
    3. Is there any runaway process on database tier or application tier ? ( runaway process is process taking unexceptionally long time with high CPU or Memory usages)
    4. Any Discoverer process taking long time or High CPU ? ( Usually on Middle tier like dis4ws..) 5. Any Custom report taking long time ?

    In order to understand problem better

    As Next level you should ask questions to yourself or person encountering performance issues like

    1. Is whole application is slow or only component of application is slow (like only Concurrent manager running slow)
    2. If this is paritular component like reports server slow then is a particular report or all reports are slow ?
    3. Is performance issue during all time or at specific time lets say from 11AM to 4PM ?
    4. Was performance issue popped up recently or performance degradation is since long ?
    5. Whats changed recently ?


    Depending on answers you can start looking into application like if issue is specific to whole applications then check
    1. If database initialization parameter is set correctly ?
    2. If application sizing is proper , server configuration is enough to accomodate all users ?


    Rest other points I will cover in tomorrow's post

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    Installing 10g Application Server
    Saturday, September 02, 2006
    Register for R12 upgrade
    If you remember I discussed on 29th August that I am planning to post
    How to integrate E-Business Suite with 10g Application Server ?
    In order to do same you need to first Install 10g Application Server on same or separate machine as you can't upgrade E-Business Suite Application Server i.e. iAS 1.0.2.2.2 .
    If you want to know your HTTP Server version ; check here how to check vesrion Click Here

    So first step in integrating 10g Application Server with Oracle Applications 11i is to install 10g Application Server and to learn how to install 10g Application Server click on my post on 10 g Application Server i.e. Installing 10g Application Server On this post you will find Installation documents for 10g Application and overview of order of Installation.

    Why should you as Apps DBA configure 10g Application Server from iAS 10222 ?
    1. If you want to use Portal , earlier version of portal i.e. 3.0.9.8.4 which used to shipped with 11i is now desupported
    2. Discoverer 4i is soon going to be desupported over this year & new one is 10g Discoverer
    3. You want to use Single sign On feature with 11i
    4. For better user management & Identity management .

    So In order to prepare your self with 10g Application Server Integration go to my other post & try Installing standalone 10g Application Server of type Portal & Wireless.

    I'll post about 10g Application Server on my other site weekly i.e.
    http://oracleapplicationserver.blogspot.com


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    Change Idle Session timeout ICX Session Timeout session.timeout
    Friday, September 01, 2006
    Register for R12 upgrade

    First of all I want to thank my reader (Budding Apps DBA) from Vennela Technologies, Hyderabad India for posting question to me that

    If someone ask Apps DBA to change Session Idle Time out value How & where will you change ?
    In order to answer first you have to understand what kind of seesions are in Apps 11i and what is Idle timeout ?
    In Apps there are two broad categories of session
    - Self Service Application Session ( Server by Web Server iAS Apache & Jserv, like iRecruitment, iProcurement)
    -Forms session ( served by your form session, like system Administrator)

    What is Session Idle time ?
    If Oracle Apps client is not doing any activity for some time (when application user goes for coffee or talks over phone) session during that time is called as Idle Session & because of security reason, performance issues and to free up system resource Oracle Applications terminates client session( both forms & self service) after idle time value is reached to the one mentioned in configuration file.

    From FND.G or 11.5.9 or with introduction of AppsLocalLogin.jsp to enter into application, profile option "ICX Session Timeout" is used only to determine Forms Session Idle timeout value . This might be confusing as earlier this profile option used to control forms as well as self service application(with session.timeout) session.timeout is used to control Idle session timeout for Self Service Applications ( Served by Jserv via JVM )

    From where ICX : Session Timeout & session.timeout get values ?

    Autoconfig determines value for profile option "ICX: Session Timeout" and "session.timeout" from entry in context file ( $APPL_TOP/admin/SID_hostname.xml ) with parameter s_sesstimeout where value mentioned is in milliseconds so profile option ICX: Session Timeout value should be s_sesstimeout/ (1000 * 60) which means here its 10 Minutes. This value is also set in zone.properties in $IAS_ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Jserv where number mentioned is in milli second i.e. 600000 ( equal to 10 Minutes)session.timeout = 600000

    session.timeout mentioned in zone.properties is in milli secondsICX Session Time out mentioned in profile option ICX: Session Timeout is in minutes so ICX session timeout=30 & session.timeout= 1800,000 are same 30 minutes

    P.S. ICX Session time out was introduced in FND.D so if your FND version is below D you might not see this variable.

    Important Things Apps DBA should consider while setting session timeout value ?
    1.. If you keep session.timeout value too high , when some oracle application user accessing Self service application terminates his session, so longer idle session will drain JVM resource & can result in Java.Lang No Memory available issues .
    2. If you keep it too low, users going out for tea or sitting idle for some time have to login again into application & can be annoying .
    Thumb rule is session time out usually set to 30 minutes.


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    posted by Atul Kumar @ 7:21 PM   18 Comments
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